The first area of the questionnaire appliance contained inquiries towards socio-demographic attributes off nearest and dearest, family costs, wellness updates and you will health care use. So it area try done for most of the relatives aside from age (Letter = 5150) by direct of your family otherwise, within his/their own absence, new eldest representative establish. Next area try administered face-to-face to those old ?fifteen years and you can expected particularly on smoking and you may nasway explore, in addition to expenditure on cigarette and experience in the medical risks of their have fun with. Interview have been through with 1795 guys and you may 1837 feminine.

Participants was in fact classified as the latest smokers or nasway pages whenever they expressed with smoked one or more tobacco or put nasway within the very least after prior to now month. almost every other (Karakalpak, Russian, Tadjik, Tatar, Kazakh)], knowledge peak [0–9 decades (low), 10–eleven (general supplementary), 12–14 (elite group additional), >14 (high)], relationship standing (hitched, solitary, other) and you may latest occupation (bodies employee, non-bodies staff member, self-employed/entrepreneur, student, almost every other [we.age. underemployed, retired]).

This new questionnaire was pretested into the 30 homes and you will translated and back-interpreted so you can Uzbek and you will Russian. Interview was in fact presented in a choice of code of the experienced interviewers. Quality control actions have been performed on the questionnaire (age.grams. checking for survey completeness and you will coding and you may studies admission accuracy). The latest survey are approved by the Ministry from Fitness of Uzbekistan and you can presented according to the Declaration out of Helsinki.

Analysis study

First-purchase statistics was indeed determined to define the new decide to try and determine frequency prices off latest puffing and nasway explore. Associations was conveyed while the adjusted opportunity rates (AORs) having involved 95% count on times (CIs) obtained from logistic regression habits one to taken into account new clustered characteristics of the analysis (STATA for Window V10.0). Study had been adjusted in order to be the cause of the fresh new irregular odds of choices of respondents resulting from using a family group because the testing equipment and standard errors and you may CIs was in fact estimated consequently. Post-stratification variations for low-impulse wasn’t generated.

Results

Overall, 38.1% of males and you may step 1.6% of females currently ate smoking affairs. The newest incidence away from most recent tobacco among dudes was 19.6% (CI = 17.8–21.6%), and you may 22.3% (CI = 20.6–24.5%) currently put nasway. Twenty % from smokers plus used nasway, and you may 17.5% away from nasway users and additionally used. Among female, brand new rates from smoking and you will nasway play with was 1.1% and you can 0.5%, correspondingly. Zero women stated co-use of the products. Considering the low incidence away from cigarette smoking certainly one of women, subsequent analyses try limited to dudes.

Among the many cigarette smokers, 77% used everyday, 18% each week and you may cuatro% monthly, and you may certainly nasway profiles 89% put Malezijska djevojke za brak every single day, 9% per week and you will 2% month-to-month. About, the (99.2%) cigarette smokers buy manufactured cigarettes, and just 1.4% roll their particular. Couple (5%) cigarette smokers will be ready to change to nasway regardless of if cigarette smoking costs twofold. This kind of a meeting, 20% won’t change their smoking activities, 37% manage make an effort to tobacco shorter, 21% do stop totally and you can 16% do change to a cheaper brand.

Both kinds of use was indeed differentially distributed by ethnicity, years, marital position, degree top and profession ( dining table step 1). The best smoking cost was one of low-Uzbek dudes (25.6%; 18.3% certainly Uzbek men), men and women living in urban areas (32.4%), 35–54 year old (38.3%), married (twenty-seven.4%), with high studies (25.8%) and you may government operating (31.1%). Nasway explore is actually higher among Uzbek dudes (23.3%; 18.1% certainly low-Uzbek dudes), those people staying in outlying areas (25.2%), 35–54 season olds (34.4%), married guys (30.8%), those with standard additional studies (twenty five.6%) and you can low-authorities personnel (31.4%). The lowest costs off puffing and you will nasway use was basically among more youthful respondents (many years fifteen–24), solitary, people with low education and you can people.

Prevalence (%) of latest smoking and nasway play with one of dudes inside the Uzbekistan, and adjusted chance percentages (AOR) of multivariate logistic regression analyses (simple errors adjusted having 931 households/clusters)